7 Debunked Myths About Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infectious liver disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Although millions of people worldwide live with this disease, many myths about it cause unnecessary fear and misunderstanding. In this article, we examine seven common myths about hepatitis B and present scientific facts to shed light on the true situation.
Myth 1: Hepatitis B is a disease of drug addicts
Hepatitis B can actually be transmitted through blood, and people who share needles are at risk. However, it is far from the only route of transmission of the virus. HBV is spread through blood and other body fluids (semen, saliva, and vaginal fluid). You can become infected during unprotected sex, when you share a toothbrush or razor, or during medical procedures without adequate sterility. Hepatitis B virus is transmitted from mother to child during birth. This means that the infection is not only associated with certain groups of people but can also affect anyone.
Myth 2: Hepatitis B is not transmitted through sexual contact
This is one of the most dangerous misconceptions. Hepatitis B can be transmitted through unprotected sex with an infected partner. Unlike some other viruses, HBV is not only found in the blood but also in semen and vaginal secretions. This means that the risk of transmitting the virus through sexual contact is very high. Using condoms helps reduce the risk, but vaccination remains the best prevention option.
Myth 3: Hepatitis B can be easily cured
There is currently no drug that can completely eliminate hepatitis B. Treatment helps suppress viral activity, reduce viral load, and prevent complications such as cirrhosis or liver cancer, but it doesn’t completely eliminate the virus from the body. It is important to start treatment on time and undergo regular examinations to avoid serious consequences.
Myth 4: A vaccination doesn’t provide sufficient protection
Vaccination against hepatitis B is one of the most effective ways to protect yourself from the virus. The hepatitis B vaccine provides long-term immunity and protects around 95% of those vaccinated. In many countries, hepatitis B vaccination is mandatory for children and recommended for adults at risk. Studies show that the vaccine is safe, available, and highly effective, and its long-term effectiveness is confirmed.
Myth 5: Hepatitis B can be transmitted through food and water
Hepatitis B is not spread through food, water, or household contact such as touching, hugging, or sharing utensils. The virus is spread exclusively through blood and body fluids. Therefore, daily interactions with an infected person are safe. This myth often leads to unfounded fear and stigmatization of people with hepatitis B, which is false and not supported by medical evidence.
Myth 6: If you don't have symptoms, you don't have hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is often asymptomatic, especially in the early stages or in chronic carriers. Many infected people don’t have obvious symptoms such as weakness, nausea, abdominal pain, or yellowing of the skin. However, this doesn’t mean that the virus can’t cause damage to the body. Even without symptoms, the virus can damage liver cells, leading to serious consequences. It is important to get tested regularly, especially if you are at risk.
Myth 7: Hepatitis B is transmitted by insects
Hepatitis B virus is not transmitted through mosquito bites or other insects. As mentioned above, it is only spread by direct contact with infected human blood or body fluids, such as a blood transfusion, unprotected sex, or sharing a razor or toothbrush. This myth often raises concerns and fears about hepatitis B, but it has no scientific basis.
The bottom line
Hepatitis B is a serious but manageable disease. The many myths surrounding the virus create unnecessary fear and stigma and make life difficult for people living with the infection. Raising public awareness of the transmission of the virus and the importance of vaccination and prompt treatment will help prevent the spread of the disease and improve the quality of life of those infected.